Qualitative Analysis of Cloud Computing Technology Utilization in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

Li Wei; Zhang Li; Ethan Tan; Rohan Kumar

Authors

Li Wei Tsinghua University, Beijing Author
Zhang Li Peking University, Beijing Author
Ethan Tan National University of Singapore Author
Rohan Kumar Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi Author

Keywords:

Cloud Computing, Digital Transformation, Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises

Abstract

This qualitative study examines how micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) utilize cloud computing technologies as part of their digital transformation journeys. Drawing on recent empirical studies, policy analyses, and practitioner reports from 2020–2025, the paper identifies key drivers, barriers, adoption patterns, organizational practices, and perceived outcomes of cloud use in MSMEs across developing and developed contexts. Thematic analysis highlights five cross-cutting themes: cost and scalability benefits; security and data governance concerns; human-capital and capability constraints; local edtech/IT service ecosystems; and the role of government and intermediary support programs. The findings suggest that while cloud technologies deliver operational flexibility and new digital capabilities for MSMEs (e.g., cloud accounting, e-commerce back-ends, collaboration platforms), meaningful and sustained benefits depend on complementary measures: affordable connectivity, simple procurement and payment models, targeted training, and locally-tailored vendor support. The paper concludes with practical recommendations for MSME managers, policy makers, and researchers seeking to foster inclusive cloud-driven digital transformation

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