The History of Cordoba as the Center of Islamic Civilization in Spain

Miftah Huljannah; Nadia Atika; Nesa Tri Cahya Putri; Riza Fajria; Rizka Putri Juliani; Pisdoni Mardianto

Authors

Miftah Huljannah Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author
Nadia Atika Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author
Nesa Tri Cahya Putri Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author
Riza Fajria Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author
Rizka Putri Juliani Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author
Pisdoni Mardianto Universitas Islam Negeri Mahmud Yunus Batusangkar Author

Keywords:

Civilization, Cordoba, History, Islam

Abstract

The history of Islamic civilization in Andalusia presents a phase of intellectual and cultural development that greatly influenced the course of the world. The region now known as Spain was once a center of extraordinary progress, especially during the period when Islamic rule played a major role in the social and political order. This study uses a historical approach that aims to trace the development of the city of Córdoba as a center of Islamic civilization through the analysis of relevant written sources. In its application, this method includes several important stages, namely heuristics, verification or criticism of sources, interpretation, and historiography. Before Islam entered the Iberian Peninsula, Córdoba had been an important center of Roman government. The city, known as Corduba, was founded in the second century BC as a Roman military base, before later developing into the administrative center of the province of Baetica. The peak of Córdoba's glory occurred when 'Abd al-Rahman III proclaimed himself caliph in 929 AD. Córdoba during its heyday was known as a city that practiced interfaith and cultural tolerance. Muslims, Jews, and Mozarabic Christians lived side by side and interacted peacefully. Córdoba is historical evidence that civilization can reach its peak when supported by political stability, cultural openness, respect for knowledge, and the values of tolerance. Córdoba's legacy serves as an inspiration for the modern era regarding the importance of building a knowledgeable, cultured, and civilized society

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